Courses @ UNIRAZAK

This is a course will examine the implementation phase of the policy process within the public sector. Implementation is about managing policies and programs that are brand new, those that are being modified, and those that are replacing existing programs. Policy in all its forms come to managers in clear, direct, and measurable forms, but also with conflicting mandates, ambiguous directives, and measures that are not well defined or all that observable. There are many actors and institutions that shape the formulation and context of policy and fund and regulate policies and programs. Implementation is an integral part of the policy process and public sector governance and one that is dynamic, unpredictable, time consuming, and often does not occur in a straight-forward, linear process.

• State the policy implementation process and factors influencing implementation.
• Analyse what happens when policies are implemented in the policy process.
• Identify the institutions involved in policy implementation.
• Examine the political decision making in the policy process.
• Identify problems that may occur when policies are implemented.